Pericarditis

The main symptom of pericarditis is chest pain.

The chest pain usually:

• feels sharp or stabbing
• spreads to your shoulders, arms or tummy
• gets worse when you breathe in deeply, swallow, cough or lie down (especially when you lie down on your left side)
• gets better when you lean forward

You may also have:

• a high temperature, or feel hot, cold or shivery
• a cough
• painful joints

If you get pericarditis, it often follows a viral infection like a cold or flu.

A GP will listen to your heart to check for pericarditis. This is because it can change the sound your heart makes.

To confirm pericarditis, the GP may:

• do some blood tests
• refer you for a chest X-ray, electrocardiogram (ECG) or echocardiogram in hospital

ECGs are safe and painless, and some GPs can do them at the surgery.

Treatment for pericarditis will depend on what's causing it. You may be given anti-inflammatory painkillers, such as ibuprofen, to help ease symptoms like pain.

Sitting up or leaning forward can also help ease the pain.

You may need other treatment. For example, a GP may prescribe medicines such as:

• colchicine – if anti-inflammatory painkillers do not work or pericarditis keeps coming back
• steroids – if colchicine does not work
• antibiotics – if pericarditis is caused by a bacterial infection

Most people feel better within a few weeks.

Your heart has a protective fluid-filled sac around it called the pericardium.

In pericarditis, the pericardium gets inflamed, and blood or fluid can leak into it.

It's difficult to confirm the exact cause of pericarditis, but it's usually a viral infection, such as a cold or flu.

Symptoms of pericarditis include a sharp pain in your chest that gets worse when you breathe in deeply, swallow, cough or lie down.

Tests to check for pericarditis include a doctor listening to your heart, blood tests or scans such as an X-ray or electrocardiogram (ECG).

Pericarditis is usually treated with anti-inflammatory painkillers. Depending on the cause, you may need other medicines like steroids or antibiotics.

Pericarditis is usually caused by a viral infection, such as a cold or flu.