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Medicines A–Z

Browse how medicines work, how to take them and possible side effects.

Health information from the NHS website Content supplied by the NHS website Refreshed 12 October 2026. NHS guidance and services shown are written for people in England. View the original A–Z ↗

A

Aciclovir (Zovirax)

NHS information about aciclovir, including what it's used for, who can use it, how to use it and side effects.

Acrivastine

Find out how acrivastine relieves allergy symptoms and reactions to insect bites and stings, and how to take it.

Adalimumab

NHS information about the medicine adalimumab, including what it's used for, who can use it, how to use it and side effects.

Alendronic acid

Find out how alendronic acid treats osteoporosis and how to take it.

Allopurinol

NHS information about the medicine allopurinol, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Alogliptin

NHS information about alogliptin, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Amitriptyline for depression

Find out how amitriptyline treats depression and how to take it.

Amitriptyline for pain and migraine

Find out how amitriptyline treats pain and prevents migraine and how to take it.

Amoxicillin

Find out how amoxicillin treats bacterial infections such as chest infections and dental abscesses, and how to take it.

Anastrozole

Find out how anastrozole treats and helps prevent breast cancer, and how to take it.

Antacids

Find out about antacids, a type of medicine used to control the acid levels in the stomach.

Antibiotics

Find out about antibiotics, which are used to treat or prevent some types of bacterial infection.

Anticoagulant medicines

Anticoagulants are medicines that reduce the ability of the blood to clot. Read about why they're used, how you take them and what you need to bear in mind...

Antidepressants

Find out more about antidepressants, including types, common side effects, conditions they can be used to treat, and what happens when you come off them.

Antifungal medicines

Find out about antifungal medicines, which are used to treat fungal infections such as thrush and athlete's foot.

Antihistamines

Antihistamines are a type of medicine often used to treat allergies. Find out about the different types, who can take them and what side effects they can cause.

Apixaban

NHS information about apixaban, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Aripiprazole

Find out how aripiprazole treats mental health conditions, including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, and how to take it.

Atenolol

NHS information about the medicine atenolol, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Atorvastatin

NHS information about the medicine atorvastatin, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Azathioprine

Find out how azathioprine treats conditions that affect the immune system such as rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, skin...

Azithromycin

Find out how azithromycin treats infections and how to take it.

B

Baclofen

NHS information about the medicine baclofen, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Beclometasone skin cream

Find out how beclometasone skin cream treats itching, swollen and irritated skin, and how to use it.

Bendroflumethiazide

Find out how bendroflumethiazide treats high blood pressure and build-up of fluid (oedema), and how to take it.

Benzoyl peroxide

NHS information about the medicine benzoyl peroxide, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Benzydamine

Find out how benzydamine treats mouth ulcers, sore throat and teething, and how to use it.

Beta blockers

Find out more about beta blocker medicines, including the different types, possible side effects, and who can and cannot take them.

Betahistine

NHS information about the medicine betahistine, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Betamethasone for eyes, ears and nose

Find out how betamethasone for eyes, ears and nose treats allergies and inflammation, and how to use it.

Betamethasone for skin

Find out how betamethasone for skin treats skin conditions such as eczema, contact dermatitis and psoriasis, and how to use it.

Bimatoprost (Lumigan)

Find out how bimatoprost treats high pressure inside the eye (ocular hypertension) and glaucoma, and how to use it.

Bisacodyl

Find out how bisacodyl treats constipation and how to take it.

Bisoprolol

NHS information about the medicine bisoprolol, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Brinzolamide

Find out how brinzolamide treats high pressure inside the eye (ocular hypertension) and glaucoma, and how to use it.

Budesonide inhalers

Find out how budesonide inhalers treat asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) symptoms and how to use them.

Buprenorphine for pain

Find out how buprenorphine treats moderate to severe pain and how to take or use it.

Buscopan (hyoscine butylbromide)

Find out how Buscopan treats stomach cramps, irritable bowel syndrome and period pain and how to take it.

C

Calcipotriol

NHS information about the medicine calcipotriol, including what it's used for, who can use it, how to use it and side effects.

Candesartan

NHS information about the medicine candesartan, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Carbamazepine (Tegretol)

NHS medicines information about carbamazepine – what it's used for, side effects, dosage and who can take it.

Carbimazole

Find out how carbimazole treats an overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism), and how to take it.

Carbocisteine

Find out how carbocisteine treats chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cystic fibrosis and how to take it.

Carmellose sodium eye drops

Find out how carmellose sodium eye drops treat dry eyes and how to use them.

Carvedilol

Find out how carvedilol treats high blood pressure and helps prevent heart disease, angina and stroke, and how to take it.

Cefalexin

Find out how cefalexin treats infections including urinary tract infections (UTIs), pneumonia and other chest infections, and how to take it.

Cetirizine

Find out how cetirizine treats symptoms of allergies and how to take it.

Chloramphenicol

Find out how chloramphenicol treats eye and ear infections, and how to use it.

Chlorphenamine (Piriton)

Find out how chlorphenamine treats symptoms of allergies and how to take it.

Cinnarizine

NHS information about the medicine cinnarizine, including what it's used for, who can use it, how to use it and side effects.

Ciprofloxacin

Find out how ciprofloxacin treats serious infections and how to take or use it.

Citalopram

NHS information about the medicine citalopram, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Clarithromycin

Find out how clarithromycin treats infections, such as chest and ear infections, and how to take it.

Clobetasol (Dermovate)

NHS information about clobetasol, including what it's used for, who can use it, how to use it and possible side effects.

Clobetasone (Eumovate)

NHS information about hydrocortisone for skin, including what it's used for, who can use it, how to take it and possible side effects.

Clonazepam

Find out how clonazepam treats epileptic seizures or fits, muscle spasms, panic disorder and restless legs syndrome, and how to take it.

Clonidine

Find out how clonidine treats high blood pressure and hot flushes, how it prevents migraines and how to take it.

Clopidogrel

Find out how clopidogrel helps prevent blood clots and reduces the risk of heart attacks and strokes, and how to take it.

Clotrimazole

NHS information about clotrimazole, including what it's used for, who can use it, how to use it and possible side effects.

Co-amoxiclav

NHS information about the medicine co-amoxiclav, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Co-beneldopa

Find out how co-beneldopa treats Parkinson's disease and how to take it.

Co-codamol for children

Find out how co-codamol treats pain in children and how to take it.

Co-dydramol

Find out how co-dydramol treats headaches, joint pain and other aches and pains, and how to take it.

Colchicine

NHS information about the medicine colchicine, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Colecalciferol

Find out how colecalciferol treats and prevents lack of vitamin D, and how to take it.

Contraceptive injections (medroxyprogesterone)

Find out how medroxyprogesterone injections are used for contraception and how you have them.

Cyanocobalamin

Find out how cyanocobalamin treats and prevents vitamin B12 deficiency anaemia, and how to take it.

Cyclizine

NHS information about the medicine cyclizine, including what it's used for, who can use it, how to use it and side effects.

D

Dapagliflozin

NHS information about the medicine dapagliflozin, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Decongestants

Decongestants are medicines that can provide short-term relief for a blocked or stuffy nose (nasal congestion). Find out about the different types and who...

Dexamethasone eye drops

Find out how dexamethasone eye drops treat eye inflammation and irritation, and how to use them.

Dexamethasone tablets and liquid

Find out how dexamethasone tablets and liquid treat inflammatory conditions and autoimmune conditions, and how to take them.

Diclofenac

Find out how diclofenac treats pain and inflammation, and how to take or use it.

Digoxin

Find out how digoxin treats heart problems and how to take it.

Dihydrocodeine

NHS information about the medicine dihydrocodeine, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Diltiazem

Find out how diltiazem treats high blood pressure and how to take it.

Diphenhydramine

Find out how diphenhydramine treats symptoms of allergies and short-term insomnia, and how to take it.

Dipyridamole

Find out how dipyridamole prevents blood clots and how to take it.

Docusate

Find out how docusate treats constipation, and how to take or use it.

Domperidone

Find out how domperidone treats feeling sick (nausea) and vomiting, and how to take it.

Doxazosin

NHS information about the medicine doxazosin, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Doxycycline

NHS information about the medicine doxycycline, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Duloxetine

NHS information about the medicine duloxetine, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

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F

Felodipine

NHS medicines information on felodipine, including what it's used for, side effects, who can take it and how to use it.

Fentanyl

Find out how fentanyl treats severe pain and how to take or use it.

Ferrous fumarate

NHS information about the medicine ferrous fumarate, including what it’s used for, who can take it, how to take it, and side effects.

Ferrous sulfate

Find out how ferrous sulfate treats and prevents iron deficiency anaemia, and how to take it.

Fexofenadine

Find out how fexofenadine treats symptoms of allergies and reactions to insect bites and stings, and how to take it.

Finasteride

Find out how finasteride treats benign prostate enlargement and hair loss in men, and how to take it.

Flucloxacillin

Find out how flucloxacillin treats infections and how to take it.

Fluconazole

Find out how fluconazole treats thrush and other fungal infections, and how to take it.

Fluticasone inhalers

Find out how inhaled fluticasone treats asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and how to take it.

Fluticasone nasal spray and drops

Find out how fluticasone nasal spray treats allergic rhinitis symptoms and how drops treat nasal polyps, and how to use them.

Furosemide

NHS information about the medicine furosemide, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Fusidic acid (Fucidin)

Find out how fusidic acid treats skin and eye infections and how to use it.

Fybogel (ispaghula husk)

Find out how Fybogel treats constipation and how to take it.

G

H

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT)

Find information about HRT for menopause symptoms, including the types of HRT, benefits and risks and how to take it.

Hydrocortisone

NHS medicines information on hydrocortisone – what it's used for, side effects, dosage and who can take it.

Hydrocortisone buccal tablets

Find out how hydrocortisone buccal tablets treat mouth ulcers and how to use them.

Hydrocortisone for piles and itchy bottom

Find out how hydrocortisone cream, ointment, sprays and suppositories treat piles (haemorrhoids) and itchy bottom, and how to use them.

Hydrocortisone for skin

NHS information about hydrocortisone for skin, including what it’s used for, who can use it, how to take it and possible side effects.

Hydrocortisone injections

Find out how hydrocortisone injections treat swollen and painful joints, and how to get them.

Hydrocortisone rectal foam

NHS medicines information on hydrocortisone rectal foam – this medicine has been discontinued.

Hydrocortisone tablets

Find out how hydrocortisone tablets treat adrenal gland problems and how to take them.

Hydroxocobalamin

Find out how hydroxocobalamin treats and prevents vitamin B12 deficiency anaemia, and how you'll have it.

Hydroxychloroquine

NHS information about the medicine hydroxychloroquine, including what it's used for, who can use it, how to use it and side effects.

Hyoscine hydrobromide

NHS information about the medicine hyoscine hydrobromide, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

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Lactulose

NHS information about the medicine lactulose, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Lamotrigine

NHS information about the medicine lamotrigine, including what it’s used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Lansoprazole

Find out how lansoprazole treats heartburn, acid reflux and stomach ulcers, and how to take it.

Latanoprost

Find out how latanoprost treats high pressure inside the eye, and how to use it.

Laxatives

Find out about different types of laxatives, including which to try first, how long they take to work and possible side effects.

Letrozole

Find out how letrozole treats breast cancer and how to take it.

Levetiracetam

NHS information about the medicine levetiracetam, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Levothyroxine

NHS medicines information on levothyroxine, including what it's used for, side effects, dosage and who can take it.

Linagliptin

NHS information about linagliptin, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Liraglutide

NHS information about the medicine liraglutide, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Lisinopril

NHS information about the medicine lisinopril, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Lithium

Find out how lithium treats mood disorders such as mania and bipolar disorder, and how to take it.

Loperamide (Imodium)

Find out how loperamide treats diarrhoea and how to take it.

Loratadine (Clarityn)

Find out how loratadine relieves allergy symptoms and reactions to insect bites and stings.

Lorazepam

Find out how lorazepam treats anxiety and sleeping problems, and how to take it.

Lymecycline

Find out how lymecycline treats acne and infections, and how to take it.

M

Macrogol

NHS information about the medicine macrogol, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Mebendazole (Ovex)

NHS information about the medicine mebendazole, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Mebeverine

NHS information about the medicine mebeverine, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Medical cannabis (and cannabis oils)

Information from the NHS website on medical cannabis.

Medroxyprogesterone tablets

Find out how medroxyprogesterone tablets treat hormonal conditions such as heavy periods, endometriosis and polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS),...

Melatonin

Find out how melatonin treats sleep problems like insomnia, and how to take it.

Memantine

NHS medicines information about memantine, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Mesalazine

Find out how mesalazine treats inflammatory bowel conditions and how to take it.

Metformin

NHS information about the medicine metformin, including what it's used for, who can use it, how to use it and side effects.

Methadone

Find out how methadone treats heroin dependence, and how to take it.

Methotrexate

Find out how methotrexate treats rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, Crohn's disease and other autoimmune conditions, and how to take it.

Methylphenidate for adults

Find out how methylphenidate treats attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults, and how to take it.

Methylphenidate for children

Find out how methylphenidate for children treats attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and how to take it.

Metoclopramide

NHS information about the medicine metoclopramide, including what it's used for, who can use it, how to use it and side effects.

Metoprolol

Find out how metoprolol treats high blood pressure and heart problems, prevents migraine, and how to take it.

Metronidazole

Find out how metronidazole treats infections and how to take it.

Mirabegron

Find out how mirabegron treats the symptoms of an overactive bladder such as needing to pee more often, and how to take it.

Mirtazapine

NHS information about the medicine mirtazapine, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Mometasone for skin

Find out how mometasone for skin treats eczema and psoriasis, and how to use it.

Mometasone nasal spray

Find out how mometasone nasal spray treats allergic rhinitis and hay fever, and how to use it.

Montelukast

Find out how montelukast treats symptoms of asthma and how to take it.

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Pantoprazole

Find out how pantoprazole treats heartburn, acid reflux and stomach ulcers, and how to take it.

Paracetamol for adults

NHS information about paracetamol for adults, including what it's used for, who can use it, how to use it and side effects.

Paracetamol for children (Calpol)

NHS information on paracetamol for children, including what it's used for, side effects, how to take it and who can take it.

Paroxetine

NHS information about the medicine paroxetine, including what it's used for, who can use it, how to use it and side effects.

Peppermint oil

Find out how peppermint oil relieves stomach cramps, bloating and farting (flatulence), and how to take it.

Pepto-Bismol (bismuth subsalicylate)

NHS information about the medicine Pepto-Bismol (bismuth subsalicylate), including what it's used for, who can use it, how to use it and side effects.

Perindopril

Find out how perindopril treats high blood pressure (hypertension) and heart failure, and how to take it.

Phenoxymethylpenicillin

NHS information about the medicine phenoxymethylpenicillin, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Pravastatin

NHS information about the medicine pravastatin, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP)

Find out how PrEP reduces the risk of getting HIV and how to take it.

Prednisolone tablets and liquid

Brand names: Deltacortril, Deltastab, Dilacort, Pevanti. Find out how prednisolone treats health problems and how to take it.

Pregabalin

Find out how pregabalin treats epilepsy, anxiety and nerve pain and how to take it.

Prochlorperazine

Find out how prochlorperazine treats feeling or being sick, including pregnancy sickness, motion sickness and symptoms of Ménière's disease, and how to take it.

Promethazine (Phenergan)

Find out how promethazine treats hay fever and other allergy symptoms and how to take it.

Propranolol

Find out how propranolol treats heart problems and helps with symptoms of anxiety and migraines, and how to take it.

Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)

NHS information about pseudoephedrine, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

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Salbutamol inhalers

Find out how salbutamol inhalers treat asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and how to use them.

Semaglutide

NHS information about the medicine semaglutide, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Senna

NHS information about the medicine senna, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Sertraline

NHS information about the medicine sertraline, including what it’s used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Sildenafil (Viagra)

NHS information about the medicine sildenafil, including what it's used for, who can use it, how to use it and side effects.

Sitagliptin

NHS information about sitagliptin, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Sodium valproate

Find out how sodium valproate treats epilepsy and bipolar disorder and prevents migraine, and how to take it.

Solifenacin

Find out how solifenacin treats symptoms of an overactive bladder, such as needing to pee more often, and how to take it.

Sotalol

Find out how sotalol treats an irregular heartbeat and how to take it.

Spironolactone

NHS information about the medicine spironolactone, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Statins

Find out more about statins, including the conditions they can help treat, common side effects and who can take them.

Steroids

Find out more about steroids, the different types of steroid medicine, side effects and how to stop taking them safely.

Sulfasalazine

Find out how sulfasalazine treats inflammatory bowel disease and rheumatoid arthritis, and how to take it.

Sumatriptan

NHS information about the medicine sumatriptan, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

T

Tadalafil

NHS information about the medicine tadalafil, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Tamsulosin

Find out how tamsulosin treats symptoms of an enlarged prostate and kidney stones, and how to take it.

Terbinafine

Find out how terbinafine treats fungal skin infections such as athlete's foot, and how to take or use it.

Thiamine (vitamin B1)

Find out how thiamine treats and prevents vitamin B1 deficiency and how to take it.

Timolol eye drops

NHS information about timolol eye drops, including what they’re used for, who can use them, how to take them and side effects.

Tirzepatide

NHS information about the medicine tirzepatide, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Tolterodine

Find out how tolterodine treats symptoms of an overactive bladder, such as needing to pee more often, and how to take it.

Topiramate

NHS information about the medicine topiramate, including what it’s used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Tramadol

Find out how tramadol treats moderate to severe pain and how to take it.

Tranexamic acid

Find out how tranexamic acid treats bleeding, including heavy periods, nosebleeds and hereditary angioedema, and how to take it.

Trazodone

NHS information about the medicine trazodone, including what it's used for, who can take it, how to take it and side effects.

Trimethoprim

Find out how trimethoprim treats infections including urinary tract infections (UTIs) such as cystitis, and how to take it.

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