Whooping cough

The first signs of whooping cough are similar to a cold, such as a runny nose and sore throat (a high temperature is uncommon).

After about a week, you or your child:

• will get coughing bouts that last for a few minutes and are worse at night
• may make a "whoop" sound – a gasp for breath between coughs (young babies under 3 months old and some adults may not "whoop")
• may have difficulty breathing after a coughing bout and may turn blue or grey (young infants)
• may bring up a thick mucus, which can make you vomit
• may become very red in the face (more common in adults)

The cough may last for several weeks or months.

Babies under 6 months old with whooping cough have an increased chance of having problems such as:

• dehydration
• breathing difficulties
• pneumonia
• seizures (fits)

Whooping cough is less severe in older children and adults but coughing may cause problems including:

• sore ribs
• hernia
• middle ear infections
• pee leaking out when you cough (urinary incontinence)

You or your child may need urgent or emergency medical help for whooping cough, depending on your symptoms.

• your baby is under 6 months old and has symptoms of whooping cough
• you or your child have a very bad cough that is getting worse
• you've been in contact with someone with whooping cough and you're pregnant

Check symptoms on 111 online (for children aged 5 and over) or call 111 (for children under 5).

• your or your child's lips, tongue, face or skin suddenly turn blue or grey (on black or brown skin this may be easier to see on the palms of the hands or the soles of the feet)
• you or your child are finding it hard to breathe properly (shallow breathing)
• you or your child have chest pain that's worse when breathing or coughing – this could be a sign of pneumonia
• your child is having seizures (fits)

Do not drive to A&E. Ask someone to drive you or call 999 and ask for an ambulance.

Bring any medicines you take with you.

Treatment for whooping cough depends on your age and how long you've had the infection.

Hospital treatment is usually needed if you have severe whooping cough, or your baby is under 6 months old and has whooping cough.

If whooping cough is diagnosed within 3 weeks of your cough starting, you'll be given antibiotics to help stop it spreading to others.

Antibiotics may not reduce symptoms.

Keep taking the antibiotics until you've completed the course, even if you feel better. Stopping treatment too soon could lead to the infection coming back.

There are some things you can do to help ease the symptoms of whooping cough.

• get plenty of rest

• drink lots of fluids

• take paracetamol or ibuprofen if you or your child are uncomfortable – check the leaflet if you're not sure it's suitable for you or your child

• do not give aspirin to children under the age of 16 years

If you have whooping cough, you're contagious for up to 3 weeks after the coughing starts.

If you’re prescribed antibiotics, it’s important to start taking them as soon as possible to help prevent the infection spreading to other people.

Stay off school, work or nursery until 48 hours after starting antibiotics, or 3 weeks after your cough started if you've not had antibiotics.

The whooping cough vaccine protects babies and children from getting whooping cough. That's why it's important to have all the routine NHS vaccinations.

The whooping cough vaccine is routinely given as part of the:

• 6-in-1 vaccine – for children at 8 weeks, 12 weeks, 16 weeks and 18 months
• 4-in-1 pre-school booster – for children aged 3 years 4 months

If you're pregnant you should also have the whooping cough vaccine. You usually have it when you're around 20 weeks pregnant. This helps protect your baby for the first few weeks of their life.

Speak to your GP surgery or midwife if you're 20 weeks pregnant and have not been offered the whooping cough vaccine.

The main symptom of whooping cough is coughing bouts that can make it hard to breathe. Some children may make a “whoop” sound between coughs.

Whooping cough is especially dangerous in babies under 6 months old. It can cause dehydration, breathing difficulties, pneumonia and seizures (fits).

You or your child may be given antibiotics to stop whooping cough spreading to others. They’re not needed if you’ve had it for more than 3 weeks.

Things you can do to ease the symptoms of whooping cough include resting, drinking lots of fluids and taking painkillers to relieve discomfort.

The whooping cough vaccine is given to babies and children as part of the NHS vaccination schedule. You should also have it if you’re pregnant.